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Mystic is a city in Appanoose County, Iowa, United States. The population was 425 at the 2010 census. ==History== At the end of the 19th century, "the valley of Walnut Creek was one continuous mining camp, known under different names, Jerome, Diamond, Mystic, Clarkdale, Rathbun and Darby" (later known as Darbyville).〔H. Foster Bain, Geology of Appanoose County, (Iowa Geological Survey Annual Report, 1895 ) Conway, Des Moines, 1896; page 389.〕 A. M. Elgin opened the first coal mine in the Mystic area in 1857, about 1.5 miles north of Mystic on Little Walnut Creek. The Mystic coal seam was exposed on the surface there, and drifts were opened and abandoned over the next few decades until the hills were honeycombed with mines. In 1858, Isaac Fuller opened a large mine in Mystic, shipping coal for domestic use in nearby Centerville. In 1887, the Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul Railway built a line through Mystic, leading to an explosive growth in mining.〔James H. Lees, History of Coal Mining in Iowa, Chapter III of (Annual Report, 1908 ), Iowa Geological Survey, 1909, pages 534–535.〕 By 1893, there were 14 mines in Mystic and 2 in Brazil, just to the south.〔(Sixth Biennial Report of the State Mine Inspector to the Governor of the State of Iowa for the Two Years Ending June 30, 1893 ), Ragsdale, Des Moines, 1893 ,page 11.〕 It is noteworthy that the terms ''brass'', ''brazzle'' and ''brazil'' are English dialect terms for pyrite or to coal seams with significant pyrite content〔Julia A. Jackson, James Mehl and Klaus Neuendorf, ( Glossary of Geology ), American Geological Institute, 2005; page 82.〕 and that a shale layer not far above the Mystic coal seam in Mystic and Brazil contains significant pyrite.〔 Local Assembly 3335 of the Knights of Labor was based in Brazil and had a membership of 75 in 1884.〔Part III, Labor Organizations: Knights of Labor, (First Biennial Report of the Bureau of Labor Statistics for the State of Iowa ), Geo. E. Roberts, Des Moines, 1885; page 55.〕 The miners of Mystic and Brazil joined the United Mine Workers in 1898. By 1902, Local 201 in Brazil had 220 members and Local 634 in Mystic had 569 members.〔Trade Unions in Iowa – Table No. 1, Mine Workers of America, United, (Tenth Biennial Report of the Bureau of Labor Statistics for the State of Iowa, 1901–1902 ), Murphy, Des Moines, 1903; page 232.〕 By 1912, Local 201 had 370 members and Locals 239 and 634 in Mystic had a combined membership of 851.〔Tally Sheet, (Proceedings of the 23rd Annual Convention of the United Mine Workers of America ) Jan. 16 – Feb. 2, 1912, Indianapolis; Volume 2, pages 180A-182A.〕 The total UMWA membership in 1912 represents about 1/4 of the entire population. In 1914, the Lodwick Brothers Coal Company of Mystic produced over 100,000 tons of coal, ranking among the top 24 coal producers in the state.〔Frederick E. Saward, (The Coal Trade, 1915 ), page 65.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mystic, Iowa」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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